Click on the article you would like to read.

What is Counselling By Andrew Hacker

Creating the Counsellor Mindset: Part One By Pedro T Gondim

Creating the Counsellor Mindset: Part Two By Pedro T Gondim

Creating the Counsellor Mindset: Part Three By Pedro T Gondim

Creating the Counsellor Mindset: Part Four By Pedro T Gondim

What is Counselling By Andrew Hacker

There is a good deal of confusion these days about what Counselling really involves. Often Counselling brings to mind images of 'patients' reclining on couches in stuffy consulting rooms with equally stuffy therapists; or of highly 'qualified' experts offering advice on how people should go about living their lives. Many people, particularly men, are suspicious about counselling. They worry that by going to a counsellor they are showing that they are weak, or admitting that they have failed in some way. Some people worry that counselling will 'make' them lose control of their emotions and they'll be embarrassed by the counsellor.

Others see going to see a counsellor as a sign that are going crazy or mad, that the counsellor will label them as mentally unwell. Others worry that counselling is only for people who need others to solve their problems. Others worry that the counsellor will 'see' or 'know' things about them that they don't want people to know about. The list goes on. In reality, professional counselling is not at all like this.

Counselling is a professional, helping relationship between two people (sometimes more, such as in couple or family counselling) - a counsellor and client. The purpose of the relationship is to explore, address or resolve some life issue, concern or difficulty. This is achieved through a collaborative process, where the counsellor and client work together toward reaching a well defined goal or objective.

Most people attending counselling face some difficulty that they've been struggling to resolve on their own and sometimes they've lost sight of what's really going on - counselling helps to clarify and understand their concerns more clearly and to then develop better ways of responding to the challenge they face.

Sometimes people engage in repetitive, unhelpful behaviour in relation to the issue, and benefit from the opportunity to explore and enact new, more helpful solutions or responses to the issue, or to start to learn new skills and behaviours which will help them cope better in the future. Sometimes people can only see a problem from one angle, and benefit from developing an alternative point of view of the issue. Sometimes counselling is about all of the above.

Counselling is non-judgmental and is NOT based in the counsellor giving 'advice' to the client. The counsellor might offer observations or suggest strategies to assist the client, however, this occurs in the context of a supportive, working relationship where the client ultimately decides what will or will not be effective. After all, the client has the most expertise in their life. Counselling is always (or should always be) aimed at encouraging the client to be increasingly able to understand and meet their own needs, rather than encouraging the client to become dependent on the counsellor to fulfill this need. It's important to keep in mind that counselling is not always 'touchy-feely' or gentle, or designed to make you feel good. Sometimes counselling is compelling, sometimes challenging, sometimes confronting, sometimes intriguing. At other times it can be humourous, even fun.

The counsellor's role is to act as a facilitator to help the client understand their feelings, behaviours, relationships, situations, challenges, choices and decisions - whichever is relevant. In addition to facilitating this understanding, counsellors may help clients to develop new skills that will aid them to handle their challenges more effectively.

Most counselling occurs in the confidential confines of a counselling room, although increasingly, counselling is occurring in a number of different environments such as in homes and workplaces, in public places that offer a degree of privacy, on the telephone, and more recently over the internet via email, as well as text, audio and video 'chat' type communications.

There are many, many different ways in which counselling is carried out. It's a good idea to try to find a 'counselling modality' that will fit with your own needs and understanding of life. For instance, 'cognitive behavioural' and 'rational emotive behaviour' strategies and concepts place emphasis on the client's thoughts and belief systems, 'humanistic' approaches emphasise the quality of the client-counsellor relationship, and others emphasise emotional experience. Solution focused approaches are less concerned with the past and more with what occurs in the future. Some modalities require longer commitments than others. Some are talk based, others action oriented. Research suggests most counsellors utilise or draw from a variety of perspectives, but will favour certain styles over others - when choosing a counsellor it's a good idea to ask about this so you can find an approach that seems right for you.

Regardless of the style or modality being offered, counselling is aimed at assisting you to improve your sense of wellbeing and your ability to enjoy your life to its full potential. Why not try it - who knows what you'll discover.

Andrew Hacker (BA;Grad.Dip.Appl.Psych; MACA(Clin)) is a Clinical Counsellor and founder of The Men's Work Shop, a counselling service located in Melbourne, Australia targeted to meet the personal development needs of men. You can find out more about our services (including online counselling, books, and more articles) by visiting www.mensworkshop.com.au.

Creating the Counsellor Mindset: Part One By Pedro T Gondim

Diverse values, specialist development, varied experiences, a unique mindset - mix it up and include a touch of interpretation and you have a human being with a social outlook. Leveraging differences between people is a daily necessity of living in societies, and leveraging our own perspective of the world – and others in it – is one of the utmost challenges in pursuing a healthy and balanced lifestyle.

So how do we detach from our past experiences and values to see the world from a clearer perspective? The answer is simple: we don’t. What we need to do is critically analyse our own process of thinking, and pursue reason and appropriateness in our actions. Whilst willingness to help is a premise for counselling, willingness to adjust is a professional requirement – and the following overlapping stages discuss the process of becoming an effective counsellor, facing its challenges, surviving the experience, and learning from it.

Stage One: The Fundamentals of Professional Care

There is a strong ethical component in any health-related profession, particularly ones which deal directly with consumers – in the case of counselling, the client. One of the most prominent aspects of becoming a professional counsellor lies in understanding the ethical guidelines of the profession, which in turn requires counsellors and prospective counsellors to be able to differentiate between ‘friendly advice’ and professional assistance. This is a challenging proficiency as it not only involves the process of learning which is intrinsic to any professional development (or training), but also remodelling the manner in which people naturally respond to a call for help: emotional and inevitably subjective feedback.

In order to cater for those needs, counsellor training involves a great deal of ethical background theory and practice which aims to develop the objective ‘eye’ – a demanded skill for counselling sessions. Such a methodical approach to interpreting human behaviour and individual needs is rooted in the development of early behavioural sciences.

Method in Counselling
What is ‘method’? Method (from Greek methodos or met hodos meaning “way across”) is a word which entered English in 1541 via French and Latin, and is defined as “a series of steps taken to complete a certain task or to reach a certain objective”. The methodical approach was induced by the need to share common guidelines in the observation and analysis of events, laying grounds for the advent of the scientific method – the central component of any modern science.

In the 19th century, the scientific method served to ‘unleash’ psychology from its bonds with philosophy and medicine – and the consequence was the advent of the original behavioural science. Counselling moved away from psychology and Freudian psychoanalysis in the early 1950s with the intent of enhancing the relationship between counsellor and client. The helping nature of the counselling approach set the standards for this newly adopted discipline – and increased focus was placed in nurturing the relationship with the client, encouraging client’s responsiveness, and developing a bond which would lay grounds for the client’s progressive development.

Reference: Scientific Method Wikipedia. Retrieved on: 14/08/2006 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method.

© Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors. For more information about the Institute – please visit www.aipc.net.au/lz. To access our Article Library, visit www.aipc.net.au/articles.

Pedro Gondim is a writer and publisher for the Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors. The Institute is Australia's largest counsellor training provider, offering the internationally renowned Diploma of Professional Counselling.

Creating the Counsellor Mindset: Part Two By Pedro T Gondim

Stage Two: Becoming an Effective Counsellor

According to Meier and Davis (1997, p.61) “in no other profession does the personality and behavior of the professional make such difference as it does in counseling. Beginning counselors need to work at increasing their self awareness as well as their knowledge of counseling procedures. Your willingness to be open to supervision, to accept clients’ failures and criticisms, to participate in counseling yourself when appropriate, and to acknowledge your limits will contribute to your eventual success and satisfaction”.

Acknowledging Values
The client-counsellor relationship is fundamentally a relationship between two human beings. Obviously there are two different roles in the relationship but both counsellor and client have a history of experiences that have shaped who they are, how they view the world and what their values are.

An effective client-counsellor relationship does not ignore the “human” side of the profession. To establish trust, clients need to sense that the counsellors are genuine and sincere in their communications. But when they begin to suspect their own biases, conflicting values or judgements are influencing their work with a client, it is critical that they reflect upon this behaviour and seek to rectify it.

Critically reflecting in supervision, through journaling or personal inner work is required to establish an appropriate plan of action.

Recognising Limitations
It is easy for inexperienced counsellors to fall into the trap of feeling solely responsible for their client’s progress. Counsellors do not possess a magic wand to solve all of life’s problems and it is important to remember that ultimately it is the client that makes choices in their own life.

Counsellors can assist clients to think through options, explore motivators and hurdles, set goals, formulate plans of action and so on. A client, however, must assume the responsibility for taking actions in order to accomplish progress in their life.

There are many aspects of the counselling relationship in which it is important to recognise the limitations of counselling. When progress seems “stuck”, some of the best plans involve tolerating ambiguity, sharing responsibility with the client, re-establishing the role of the counsellor and/or sharing information with a supervisor.

Drawing the Line
Maintaining a critical perspective towards the counsellor-client relationship is essential in order to avoid emotional burnout, misjudgement and unproductive distribution of power. “A common mistake for beginners is to worry too much about clients. There is a danger of incorporating clients’ neuroses into our own personality. We lose sleep wondering what decisions they are making. We sometimes identify so closely with clients that we lose our own sense of identity and assume their identity. Empathy becomes distorted and militates against a therapeutic intervention” (Corey 2001, p. 34).

Reference:
Meier, S., & Davis, S. (1997). The Elements of Counselling. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole.
Corey, G. (Ed). (2001). Theory and Practice of Counselling and Psychotherapy. Wadsworth: Thomson Learning.

© Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors. For more information about the Institute – please visit www.aipc.net.au/lz. To access our Article Library, visit www.aipc.net.au/articles.

Pedro Gondim is a writer and publisher for the Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors. The Institute is Australia's largest counsellor training provider, offering the internationally renowned Diploma of Professional Counselling.

Creating the Counsellor Mindset: Part Three By Pedro T Gondim

Stage Three: Dealing with Challenging Situations

One of the foremost challenges facing counselling professionals is to understand the complex role that diversity plays in their work. In counselling, each client’s needs and objectives should be considered and used to guide the counselling process. These needs vary for each individual according to factors such as personality, culture, gender and age.

Counselling with Difference
It is vital that counsellors working with issues of difference recognise the unique needs of their client and plan intervention accordingly. The counsellor must decide on the approach that will provide better responsiveness from the client, and therefore lead to a constructive outcome.

Clients affected by systems of inequity in our culture are frequently subjected to acts of discrimination and prejudice. Counsellors need to understand the impact of such in order to analyse the depth to which a client may be culturally traumatised. Prejudice impacts on self-esteem and may evoke imbalances in a client’s wellbeing. They may experience feelings of being left out of the larger group, feelings of powerlessness, loneliness and hopelessness.

Working with Groups
Group counselling is a challenging and dynamic form of counselling that requires all-round professional skills from counsellors. It implies that any challenges a counsellor may find in helping an individual can potentially duplicate, triplicate, or vastly multiply – however, the more intricate the challenge is, the higher the rewards.

Similar to mathematics theory, the dynamic interactions which occur within a group, along with the external influencing factors upon that group, pose challenges to controlling and interpreting group outcomes. When dealing with groups, the primary objective (whether a group is formed to develop a project or a group united by the need to tackle an analogous problem) is to ensure that the group is healthy and productive. As such, core communication skills which are based on interpersonal communication theory are applicable for groups – promoting good communication between group individuals creates a safe and productive environment for the group to work.

When dealing with groups, there are several major issues that should be noted by professional counsellors, such as:

1. Understanding power relationships – in other words – how the interaction between counsellor and the group’s individuals impact interpersonal relationships;

2. Consciously avoiding generalisations and stereotypes;

3. Accepting that all people are multi-dimensional;

4. Making judgements exclusively on situationally relevant criteria;

5. Adopting communication patterns which minimise stereotyping and increase dignity and respect to induce more appropriate decisions (based on information relevant to the particular context) and;

6. Consciously controlling group communication which is likely to aggravate negative perceptions by others.

The Unfaithful Mind
Counsellors are also faced with situations in which their own personal perspective creates a challenge in their relationships with clients. A client’s personality, behaviour or opinion may diverge from the counsellor in such a radical way that it becomes a motive for dislike or disassociation. It is a complex situation which requires the counsellor to reflect on their own capabilities of dealing with such situation.

The risk of developing hatred against ‘opposing’ groups of society can perpetuate negative behaviour – a kind of traumatic response to what has been perceived as a threat. Recognising value in the individual is part of the process of developing the client’s self-confidence through providing a supportive environment during counselling sessions.

What is the solution? Primarily, the counsellor will need to reflect on whether he/she is able to restrain his/her own negative feelings towards the client and work together in a productive manner. If he/she decides that it is feasible, strategies need to be devised in order to avoid conflict and lack of alignment in the relationship goals. If the counsellor believes that it is not appropriate to deal with the client due to personal motives, there should be a contingency plan to refer that client to appropriate support and ensure that this process is done efficiently – without incurring in any psychological harm to the client.

© Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors. For more information about the Institute – please visit www.aipc.net.au/lz. To access our Article Library, visit www.aipc.net.au/articles.

Pedro Gondim is a writer and publisher for the Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors. The Institute is Australia's largest counsellor training provider, offering the internationally renowned Diploma of Professional Counselling.

Creating the Counsellor Mindset: Part Four By Pedro T Gondim

Stage Four: Learning and Perpetuating

Dealing with human behaviour is never a static process. Learning from each experience is the secret to naturally widen one’s perspective towards the world, improve one’s ability to understand people and to effectively communicate with them. Therefore, learning also plays a big role in the process of developing a positive counsellor perspective. How to improve learning? The best way is to construct a disciplined approach is be attentive to details and situations which produce unexpected results in counselling sessions and other interaction with clients. Learning through observation is of considerable value in terms of experience and maturity for a counsellor.

Perpetuating constitutes the maintenance of the basic backbone that allows a counsellor to be a productive and efficient professional: mental and physical health. Counsellors are deemed to deal with stress throughout their careers – whether through emotional attachment, excessive work, lack of self-care, or a combination of these factors. It is of vital importance that counsellors avoid burnout because emotional stress tends to accumulate overtime and it can result in trauma. All these issues directly affect the counsellor’s ability to oblige to ethical and professional guidelines.

Most people ignore the first signs of excessive stress, and by doing so, become vulnerable to further pressure from work. At some point, counsellors may find it very difficult to attend counselling sessions, to get to work, and to perform in several other areas of life. Preventing burnout is simply a necessary task to anyone aiming for a balanced and fulfilling career (and life).

© Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors.For more information about the Institute – please visit www.aipc.net.au/lz. To access our Article Library, visit www.aipc.net.au/articles.

Pedro Gondim is a writer and publisher for the Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors. The Institute is Australia's largest counsellor training provider, offering the internationally renowned Diploma of Professional Counselling.

Click here to return to Counselling Main Page

PLEASE NOTE: Natural-Earth.com does not necessarily endorse any of the treatments and therapies in the natural health, natural medicine and lifestyles directory. The material on this web site has been provided for your information and we urge you to be discriminating in making your choice of complementary or alternative therapy. We wish you Good Luck... and Good Health.